Questão FC277120
What are the factors that contribute to the increase of the gases that cause the enhanced greenhouse effect?
Interpretação de Textos (Understanding)
IDECAN · 2019
Question based on the following passage:
Greenhouse effect
The greenhouse effect is a natural process that warms the Earth’s surface. When the Sun’s energy reaches the Earth’s atmosphere, some of it is reflected back to space and the rest is absorbed and re-radiated by greenhouse gases. Greenhouse gases include water vapour, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, ozone and some artificial chemicals such as chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs).
The absorbed energy warms the atmosphere and the surface of the Earth. This process maintains the Earth’s temperature at around 33 degrees Celsius warmer than it would otherwise be, allowing life on Earth to exist. The problem we now face is that human activities – particularly burning fossil fuels (coal, oil and natural gas), agriculture and land clearing – are increasing the concentrations of greenhouse gases. This is the enhanced greenhouse effect, which is contributing to warming of the Earth.
(Available in:https://www.environment.gov.au/climate-change/climate-sciencedata/ climate-science/greenhouse-effect. Accessed on May 18th, 2019. Adapted.)
What are the factors that contribute to the increase of the gases that cause the enhanced greenhouse effect?
- The incidence of solar rays reaching the Earth's atmosphere.
- The emission of water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide and ozone.
- The burning of fossil fuels, agriculture and deforestation.
- The emission of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and other artificial chemicals.
- There is no factor that contributes to the greenhouse effect, since it is a natural process.
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Comentário do professor
A alternativa C é correta porque identifica as atividades humanas que elevam a concentração de gases responsáveis pelo efeito estufa intensificado.
A queima de combustíveis fósseis (carvão, petróleo e gás) libera grandes quantidades de dióxido de carbono, principal gás de longa duração associado ao aquecimento global.
Na agricultura há emissão de metano (pelo gado e arrozais) e óxido nitroso (uso de fertilizantes), ambos com potencial de aquecimento muito superior ao do CO2 por molécula.
O desmatamento libera carbono armazenado na biomassa e reduz os sumidouros naturais, isto é, a capacidade das florestas de absorver CO2.
Esses processos combinados aumentam a concentração dos gases de efeito estufa e, portanto, intensificam o aquecimento da Terra.
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