Questão FC586304
According to the text, one of the conclusions from Piaget’s studies was that children do not think like adults do. Since that’s the case, how do children actually think in Piaget’s
Interpretação de Textos (Understanding)
Instituto AOCP · 2021
Jean Piaget – Champion of Children’s Ideas "If logic itself is created rather than being inborn, it follows that the first task of education is to form reasoning." - Jean Piaget (1896-1980).
The legacy of Jean Piaget to the world of early childhood education is that he fundamentally altered the view of how a child learns. And a teacher, he believed, was more than a transmitter of knowledge. He/she was also an essential observer and guide to helping children build their own knowledge.
As a university graduate, Swiss-born Piaget got a routine job in Paris standardizing Binet-Simon IQ tests, where the emphasis was on children getting the right answers. Piaget observed that many children of the same ages gave the same kinds of incorrect answers. What could be learned from this?
Piaget interviewed many hundreds of children and concluded that children who are allowed to make mistakes often go on to discover their errors and correct them, or find new solutions. In this process, children build their own way of learning. From children's errors, teachers can obtain insights into the child's view of the world and can tell where guidance is needed. They can provide appropriate materials, ask encouraging questions, and allow the child to construct his own knowledge.
Piaget's continued interactions with young children became part of his life-long research. He explored children's countless "why" questions, such as, "Why is the sun round?" or "Why is grass green?", and concluded that they do not think like adults. Their thought processes have their own distinct order and special logic. Children are not "empty vessels to be filled with knowledge" (as traditional pedagogical theory had it). They are "active builders of knowledge - little scientists who construct their own theories of the world."
(Adapted from: https://www.scholastic.com/teachers/articles/teaching-content)
According to the text, one of the conclusions from Piaget’s studies was that children do not think like adults do. Since that’s the case, how do children actually think in Piaget’s view?
- Children are gifted with logic since their birth, which means the role of education is to create and give form to the reasoning which was already there.
- Children learn from their mistakes as if they were little scientists, adapting to external stimuli like empty vessels that are slowly filled with information.
- Children’s thought processes have their own special logic, but they mostly depend on the intervention of the teacher and her role as transmitter of knowledge.
- Children are active builders of knowledge who construct their own theories of the world, often by asking “why” questions and making their own way of learning.
- Children rarely make the same mistakes when they have the same age, as Piaget pointed out. Rather, they always learn more by focusing on getting the right answer.
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Comentário do professor
Na visão de Piaget, a criança é um construtor ativo de conhecimento: ela não recebe passivamente conteúdos prontos, mas elabora suas próprias explicações e regras internas para entender o mundo.
Esse processo acontece por meio de perguntas curiosas, como "why", de tentativas e de erros. Ao experimentar e errar, a criança identifica contradições, reformula hipóteses e reconstrói seu raciocínio, formando teorias pessoais sobre a realidade.
O papel do professor, nesse quadro, é observar, mediar e oferecer materiais e questões que estimulem a investigação, permitindo que o aluno descubra e organize seus saberes.
Em suma, aprender é um ato de construção interna: a criança cria significado a partir da interação com o mundo e com os outros.
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