Questão FC699738
The twenties were strange and wonderful years in America. “The uncertainties of 1919 were over – America was going on the greatest, gaudiest spree in history.” These are the words
Gramática (Grammatics)
VUNESP · 2025
The twenties were strange and wonderful years in America. “The uncertainties of 1919 were over – America was going on the greatest, gaudiest spree in history.” These are the words of F. Scott Fitzgerald (1896-1940), whose best books form a kind of spiritual history of the “Lost Generation”. Many young people in the post-World War I had ‘lost’ their American ideals. At the same time America ‘lost’ many fine young writers – like e.e. cummings and Ernest Hemingway – because they had moved to Paris. Fitzgerald’s first novel, This Side of Paradise (1920), describes this new generation. They had “grown up to find all gods destroyed, all wars fought, all faiths in man shaken.” They had their lives now filled with two concerns: “the fear of poverty and the worship of success”. From the beginning, Fitzgerald had a feeling that the twenties would find all dreams shattered.
Jay Gatsby, the hero of Fitzgerald’s famous novel “The Great Gatsby” (1925), has a belief in the absolute power and “natural goodness” of money. But Gatsby is also a true romantic. He has spent his whole life dreaming of his childhood sweetheart. He gives expensive parties at his home in the hope that she will come and fall in love with him again. Gatsby symbolizes the American belief that money can buy love and happiness. His failure makes him a rather tragic figure. See the description of him, after his guests have gone home:
“A wafer of a moon was shining over Gatsby’s house... surviving the laughter and the sound of his still glowing garden. A sudden emptiness seemed to flow now from the windows, and the great doors, endowing with complete isolation the figure of the host, who stood on the porch, his hand up in a formal gesture offarewell.”
(Peter High. Outline of American Literature. Essex, Longman. 1996. p. 146-7. Adaptado)
The two individual sentences from the first paragraph “Fitzgerald’s first novel, This Side of Paradise (1920), describes this new generation. They had grown up to find all gods destroyed, all wars fought, all faiths in man shaken” can be combined into one sentence formed by a main clause and a relative clause. The main clause “Fitzgerald’s first novel, This Side of Paradise (1920), describes this new generation,” is correctly followed by a relative clause in alternative:
- whoever had grown up to find all gods destroyed, all wars fought, all faiths in man shaken.
- which had grown up to find all gods destroyed, all wars fought, all faiths in man shaken.
- whom had grown up to find all gods destroyed, all wars fought, all faiths in man shaken.
- who had grown up to find all gods destroyed, all wars fought, all faiths in man shaken.
- whose had grown up to find all gods destroyed, all wars fought, all faiths in man shaken.
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Comentário do professor
Who é o pronome relativo adequado porque retoma this new generation, que se refere a pessoas, e introduz a oração que acrescenta informação sobre elas.
Nesse contexto a oração relativa funciona como complemento da expressão principal describes this new generation. O pronome who exerce a função de sujeito na oração relativa: who had grown up to find..., onde o verbo aparece em past perfect (had grown up) para indicar ação anterior.
A estrutura resultante é clara e gramatical: Fitzgerald’s first novel ... describes this new generation who had grown up to find all gods destroyed.... Assim, who conecta corretamente a ideia de pessoa ao predicado da oração relativa, mantendo a coerência temporal e sintática.
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