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Questão FC699799

Read the text to answer question. As a linguist, I understand that language shifts and changes. The voiced z sound of houses is being replaced by an unvoiced s sound. The abbreviat

Gramática (Grammatics)

VUNESP · 2025

Read the text to answer question.

 

As a linguist, I understand that language shifts and changes. The voiced z sound of houses is being replaced by an unvoiced s sound. The abbreviation A.I. has become a verb, as in “He A.I.ed it.” Neologisms abound, and new words often make us think of things in new ways.

 

But I don’t adopt all of the changes. I still say houses with a z. I avoid some new words that seem too flash-in-the-pan (like cheugy and delulu). By the time I might begin using them, they are probably already on their way out. Some bits of neology, I used ironically at first, but soon found myself adopting as part of my everyday vocabulary, and dropped them. Still, there are some usages that I can’t quite bring myself to embrace.

 

One is iconic. Everywhere I turn, I hear something described as the most iconic: movies, songs, sports figures, fictional characters, vehicles, photographs. Iconic has shifted to mean “famous.” My experience with the word comes from the semiotic triad of icon, index, and symbol, three of the 66 categories of signs proposed by the philosopher Charles Sanders Peirce. For me, icons are visual representations: they resemble something. Dictionaries have now added definitions like “widely recognized and well-established” or “widely known and acknowledged especially for distinctive excellence.” Iconic has widened its meaning, but I haven’t come along.

 

(Edwin L. Battistella. https://blog.oup.com/2025/01/ some-barely-iconic-epic-usages/. Adaptado)

 

In the first paragraph, the stretch “The voiced z sound of houses is being replaced by an unvoiced s sound” is written in the passive voice. In order to be used in the passive voice, sentences must fulfill certain conditions. The sentence in which these conditions are met is:

  1. We were sitting quietly after dinner, waiting for the visitor.
  2. She worried about not being able to move in time for the event.
  3. Jill was walking down the street when a man snatched her purse.
  4. The ice on the lake melted earlier than usual.
  5. The fauna and the flora of the Galapagos Islands are in danger.
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A frase Jill was walking down the street when a man snatched her purse permite transformação para a voz passiva porque contém um verbo transitivo direto (snatched) que rege um objeto direto (her purse), o qual pode ocupar a posição de sujeito na passiva.

Ao passar para a voz passiva, o objeto direto torna‑se sujeito: "Her purse was snatched by a man." Observe que o tempo verbal do evento que interrompe (simple past) também é traduzido para a passiva (was snatched).

Assim, cumpre‑se a condição essencial para a passiva: existência de verbo transitivo com objeto direto que possa ser promovido a sujeito na construção passiva.

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