Questão FC699920
Read the following text to answer question: In language teaching and research on language, the term culture includes many different definitions and considerations that deal with fo
Questões Interdisciplinares de Inglês
VUNESP · 2025
Read the following text to answer question:
In language teaching and research on language, the term culture includes many different definitions and considerations that deal with forms of speech acts, rhetorical structure of texts, socio-cultural behaviors, and ways in which knowledge is transmitted and obtained. Culture may find its manifestations in body language, gestures, concepts of time, hospitality customs, and even expressions of friendliness. While all these certainly reflect the cultural norms accepted in a particular society, the influence of culture on language use and on the concepts of how language can be taught and learned is both broader and deeper. To a great extent, the culture into which one is socialized defines how an individual sees his or her place in society.
Although attaining linguistic proficiency is essential for learners to be considered communicatively competent, particularly in the case of ESL learners, this is not sufficient. On the whole, to become proficient and effective communicators, learners need to attain second language (L2) sociocultural competence. Knowing how to say thank you, for example, does not automatically confer the knowledge of when to say thank you, how often to say thank you, and whether any additional action is called for. Quite reasonably, learners first apply the standards that exist in the first language (L1) communities where they were socialized.
(Marianne Celce-Murcia, Teaching English as a second or foreign language. Adaptado)
The content of the text allows for the following statement about the teaching of L2:
- The development of linguistic competence should naturally precede the teaching of sociocultural patterns and models.
- It is the constant comparison with L1 cultural patterns which will guarantee students’ L2 sociocultural awareness.
- Teaching the foreign language may be of little use if students aren´t in contact with people from other cultural backgrounds.
- The need for sociocultural competence varies according to the particular needs and expectations of a certain group of students.
- Helping students become socioculturally competent means teaching them a certain linguistic pattern as well as when and how to use it.
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A alternativa afirma que ajudar alunos a alcançar competência sociocultural exige ensinar não só a forma linguística, mas também quando e como usá‑la. Isso resume a ideia central do texto: a mera proficiência formal não garante comunicação adequada.
O exemplo citado, "Knowing how to say thank you...", ilustra que saber a expressão por si só não indica se ela é apropriada ao contexto, qual a frequência adequada ou se são necessárias ações complementares. Ensinar L2, portanto, inclui explicitar essas regras de uso.
Na prática didática, isso significa trabalhar padrões pragmáticos, normas culturais e situações comunicativas, além de formas gramaticais. Assim, o ensino eficaz integra forma e uso para formar comunicadores competentes.
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