Questão FC700172
Leia o texto para responder à questão abaixo. Admixture’s impact on Brazilian population evolution and health Brazil is a vast continental country home to the largest population in
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VUNESP · 2025
Leia o texto para responder à questão abaixo.
Admixture’s impact on Brazilian population
evolution and health
Brazil is a vast continental country home to the largest population in Latin America and boasts the world’s largest recently admixed population1. The colonization process brought approximately 5 million Europeans to Brazil, alongside the forced migration of at least 5 million Africans and the decimation of Indigenous populations, which once included more than 10 million people speaking more than 1000 languages. This distinctive historical interplay shaped a complex mosaic of genetic diversity, underscoring the importance of detailed genomic studies. Nevertheless, similar to other populations in the Global South2, the Brazilian population remains notably underrepresented in genomic research, where there is a lack of studies investigating the effects of this population’s admixture on its evolution, diversity, and health status.
To address these gaps, a research group generated 2723 high-coverage whole-genome sequences of the Brazilian population, encompassing urban, rural, and riverine communities from all five geographical regions of Brazil.
This dataset reflects a diverse group of ethnic backgrounds, including Afro-Brazilians and descendants of Indigenous people, and provides a comprehensive representation of Brazilian genomic diversity.
(Kelly Nunes et al. www.science.org, 15.05.2025. Adaptado.)
1 admixed population: group of individuals formed through interbreeding of two or more previously isolated populations.
2 Global South: a group of countries mainly located in the Southern Hemisphere that are often characterized as developing, less developed or underdeveloped.
According to the first paragraph, one of the facts about the Brazilian population is:
- Brazilian population spreads evenly across the huge continental country in Latin America.
- the largest population in the world with admixed ancestry is located in Brazil.
- the Indigenous populations still speak more than one thousand languages besides Portuguese.
- more than five million Europeans currently live in Brazil.
- the health status of the Brazilian population has been extensively studied.
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Gabarito
B
Comentário do professor
A frase do enunciado afirma que o Brasil possui a maior população recentemente admista do mundo. A alternativa B diz exatamente isso ao afirmar que a maior população com admixed ancestry está no Brasil.
O próprio parágrafo inicial traz essa informação ao relacionar a colonização europeia, a migração forçada de africanos e a redução das populações indígenas como processo que gerou uma vasta mistura genética.
Segundo a nota de rodapé, população admista é formada pelo intercruzamento de duas ou mais populações previamente isoladas, o que confirma a correspondência direta entre o texto e a alternativa.
Portanto, a alternativa B é correta porque reproduz fielmente a declaração contida no primeiro parágrafo do texto.
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