Questão FC700243
Leia o texto para responder à questão abaixo. Cell culture experiments are widely used in biomedical research, regenerative medicine, and biotechnological production. Due to restri
Sem classificação
VUNESP · 2024
Leia o texto para responder à questão abaixo.
Cell culture experiments are widely used in biomedical research, regenerative medicine, and biotechnological production. Due to restrictions on the use of laboratory animals by animal protection laws and the strict implementation of the 3Rs (Replacement, Reduction, and Refinement) formulated by William Russell and Rex Burch to improve the welfare of animals, it can be expected that the general use of cell lines will further increase during the next years to substitute animal-based research. However, it should be noted that cell culture experiments, if not properly conducted, are prone to errors. Therefore, it is essential that cell culture studies are performed with good cell culture practice (GCCP) to assure the reproducibility of in vitro experimentation.
In particular, inter- and intra-specific cross-contamination and cell misidentification, genetic drift, contamination with bacteria, fungi, yeast, viruses, or chemicals, and lack of quality control testing are widespread fatal cell culture problems that contaminate the literature with false and irreproducible results. Rough estimates suggest that the number of published papers that used problematic cell lines is about 16.1%. Moreover, the International Cell Line Authentication Committee (ICLAC) lists 576 misidentified or cross-contaminated cell lines in its latest register released in June 2021.
(Weiskirchen S, Schröder SK, Buhl EM, Weiskirchen R. A Beginner’s Guide to Cell Culture:
Practical Advice for Preventing Needless Problems. Cells. 2023 Feb 21;12(5):682. doi: 10.3390/cells12050682.
PMID: 36899818; PMCID: PMC10000895. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10000895/. Adaptado)
No trecho do primeiro parágrafo – However, it should be noted that cell culture experiments – o termo em negrito pode ser substituído, sem alteração de sentido, por
- could.
- used to.
- is going to.
- might.
- has to.
Mostrar resposta e comentário
Gabarito
Errado
Comentário do professor
Has to pode substituir should em "However, it should be noted that..." porque ambas as formas indicam a necessidade de chamar a atenção para uma informação importante. A estrutura permanece a mesma: auxiliar + be noted em voz passiva, preservando a função discursiva de destacar um ponto relevante.
Gramaticalmente, should expressa recomendação ou ressalva, enquanto has to indica obrigação/necessidade mais enfática. No contexto científico do enunciado, essa diferença de grau não altera o sentido essencial: ambos obrigam o leitor a reconhecer a advertência sobre práticas de cultura celular.
Exemplo comparativo: "It should be noted that..." → recomenda atenção. "It has to be noted that..." → exige atenção. Em termos de compreensão do texto, a substituição é aceitável e mantém a mesma intenção comunicativa.
Conteúdo do catálogo FC Concursos · Atualizado em