Questão FC170767
According to researchers in Mechanical Engineering at Penn State University, hummingbirds have extreme aerial agility and flight forms, which is why many drones and other aerial ve
Semântica e Significado de Vocábulos (Semantics)
CEBRASPE (CESPE) · 2024
“We essentially reverse-engineered the inner working of the wing musculoskeletal system — how the muscles and skeleton work in hummingbirds to flap the wings,” said first author and Penn State mechanical engineering graduate student Suyash Agrawal. “The traditional methods have mostly focused on measuring activity of a bird or insect when they are in natural flight or in an artificial environment where flight-like conditions are simulated. But most insects and, among birds specifically, hummingbirds are very small. The data that we can get from those measurements are limited.”
Penn State researchers used muscle anatomy literature, computational fluid dynamics simulation data and wing-skeletal movement information captured using micro-CT and X-ray methods to inform their model. They also used an optimization algorithm based on evolutionary strategies, known as the genetic algorithm, to calibrate the parameters of the model. According tothe researchers, their approach is the first to integrate these disparate parts for biological fliers.
With this model, the researchers uncovered previously unknown principles of hummingbird wing actuation. While Cheng emphasized that the results from the optimized model are predictions that will need validation, he said that it has implications for technological development of aerial vehicles.
Judge the following item according to the previous text.
In the text, the term ‘reverse-engineered’ is not referring to an industrial product, which represents a variation of its conventional meaning.
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Comentário: A afirmação está correta porque o termo 'reverse-engineered' no contexto do texto refere-se ao processo de análise e compreensão do funcionamento do sistema musculoesquelético das asas dos beija-flores, em vez de se referir a um produto industrial típico. Embora 'reverse-engineering' seja frequentemente utilizado no desenvolvimento de produtos para entender e replicar tecnologias, aqui ele é aplicado a uma investigação científica para desvendar os mecanismos de voo dos beija-flores, o que representa uma aplicação diferente e inovadora do conceito. Assim, a utilização do termo é uma variação de seu significado convencional, focando na biologia em vez da indústria.
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