Questão FC171148
According to researchers in Mechanical Engineering at Penn State University, hummingbirds have extreme aerial agility and flight forms, which is why many drones and other aerial ve
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CEBRASPE (CESPE) · 2024
“We essentially reverse-engineered the inner working of the wing musculoskeletal system — how the muscles and skeleton work in hummingbirds to flap the wings,” said first author and Penn State mechanical engineering graduate student Suyash Agrawal. “The traditional methods have mostly focused on measuring activity of a bird or insect when they are in natural flight or in an artificial environment where flight-like conditions are simulated. But most insects and, among birds specifically, hummingbirds are very small. The data that we can get from those measurements are limited.”
Penn State researchers used muscle anatomy literature, computational fluid dynamics simulation data and wing-skeletal movement information captured using micro-CT and X-ray methods to inform their model. They also used an optimization algorithm based on evolutionary strategies, known as the genetic algorithm, to calibrate the parameters of the model. According to the researchers, their approach is the first to integrate these disparate parts for biological fliers.
With this model, the researchers uncovered previously unknown principles of hummingbird wing actuation. While Cheng emphasized that the results from the optimized model are predictions that will need validation, he said that it has implications for technological development of aerial vehicles.
Internet: <www.labmanager.com> (adapted).
Traditional measuring techniques offered restricted input about the flight of insects.
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Comentário: O item está CERTO porque o texto menciona que as técnicas tradicionais de medição se concentraram em observar a atividade de aves ou insetos em voo natural ou em condições simuladas, mas que, devido ao tamanho diminuto de muitos insetos e das aves, especialmente os beija-flores, as informações obtidas eram limitadas. Isso implica que os métodos tradicionais não forneceram dados suficientes para uma compreensão completa do voo desses seres, justificando a afirmação de que essas técnicas ofereciam uma entrada restrita sobre o voo de insetos.
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