Questão FC171177
The philosopher Jeremy Bentham was regarded as the founder of utilitarianism and a leading advocate of the separation of church and state, freedom of expression, and individual leg
Interpretação de Textos (Understanding)
CEBRASPE (CESPE) · 2024
The French philosopher Michel Foucault used the idea of the panopticon as a way to illustrate the proclivity of disciplinary societies to subjugate its citizens. He describes the prisoner of a panopticon as being at the receiving end of asymmetrical surveillance: “He is seen, but he does not see.” As a consequence, the inmate polices himself for fear of punishment.
The parallels between the panopticon and surveillance cameras may be obvious, but what happens when you step into the world of digital surveillance and data capture?
Unlike the panopticon, citizens don’t know they are being watched. Jake Goldenfein, from the University of Melbourne, tells me it’s important to remember the corrective purposes of Bentham’s panopticon when considering it as a metaphor for modern surveillance. “The relevance of the panopticon as a metaphor begins to wither when we start thinking about whether contemporary types of visuality are analogous to the central tower concept. For example, whether this type of visuality is as asymmetrical, and being co-opted for the same political exercise.” In the panopticon the occupants are constantly aware of the threat of being watched — this is the whole point — but state surveillance on the Internet is invisible; there is no looming tower, no dead-eye lens staring at you every time you enter a URL. There may not be a central tower, but there will be communicating sensors in our most intimate objects.
Internet: <theguardian.com> (adapted).
It can be concluded from the text that, for Michel Foucault, the panopticon is a powerful illustration of the symmetrical relations that take part in organized societies.
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Comentário: A afirmação está errada porque, para Michel Foucault, o panopticon representa uma relação assimétrica de poder, onde o prisioneiro é vigiado sem saber se está sendo observado, o que leva à autocensura e controle social. Foucault enfatiza que essa dinâmica de vigilância é desigual, pois apenas o vigilante tem o poder de observar, enquanto os observados permanecem em dúvida sobre sua condição. Portanto, a ideia de simetria nas relações sociais não se aplica ao conceito de panopticon que ele descreve.
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